Improvement in plows



NEED

PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN RUNYON, OF MARSHALL TOWTN SHIP, AND GEORGE INGERSOLL, OF MARSHALL, MICHIGAN.

llVl PROVEM ENT IN PLOWS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 93,558, dated August 10, 18139.

Teelt 'whom it may concern:

e it known that we, J oHN RUNYON, of the township of Marshall, and Geenen INGER- soLL, of the city of Marshall, both in the county of Calhoun and State of Michigan, have invented a new and useful Improvement in Flows; and we do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description of the construction and operation of v thfe'fs'amm refereiice being had to the annexeddiaii'inga makin g a part of this specification, `in"w`l1ich'- Figure l is a perspective view. Fig. 2 is a section, at a right angle with the furrow.

The object of our invention is to more effect- 'nally plow under the suifaeegrowtll, ywhether xn grass-sod, clover, stubble, or al 1y kind ofrank herbage, so that it lnay not impede future cultivation, either by premature growth or being dragged again to the surface; and it' consists in so hanging a plow-colter, and so bending or shapi ng its cutting end, that it will en t the sod at an obtuse angle with the vertical or' bar portion by which the said colter is clamped or otherwise fastened to the beam of the plow; and. the better to enable others skilled in the manufacture or use of this important impleinent of agriculture to construct anduse our invention, we will now proceed more lniiiutely to describe the same. y i l Our improved colter can be applied to any kind of plow in place of the common "straight colter, cutting the sod or sward verticailiy, wfth this diiference, that the construction" y`an(lf-operi ation of our colter require it to be adjustably secured to the right or furrow side of the iplfwbeam instead of to the left or land side, inthe common way, as will be clearly seen land ,n n-

derstood by a referencefto Fig. lyglwhleresA represcilts the mold-board and share, B the beam, and L the landside, of an ordinary plow. f

Our improved colter is exhibited, at G,Jas clamped to the right side of the beam ,as hereinbefore described.

.We usually construct it of a flat iron bar with straight or curved edges, as may be deemed proper, with the lower end of steel or steel. faced, and drawn out thin to a cuttingcdge, substantially in the :manner of an ordinary colter, but with this diiference, that, instead of the cutting-edge being in a linfc coinl cident with the said bar, connected adj ustably to the plow-beam, it is bent laterally toward the land-side at an angle more or less acute with its horizontal surface, substantially as shown at c.

When the eolter C is properly adjusted and secured to the beam the angle of the cutting deflection will be at the ground-surface, as represented by the line s.

It is well known that with a vertical eut of the colter, when unaccompanied with the use of a small supplementary plow, termed a jointer, to turn an additional furrow, it is impossible for any plow to completely invert the snrface-growtl'l, for the left angle, on being turned, will overlap and lie on the slope formed by the preceding ful'rowslice, and expose a line of vegetation in the most favorable condition for active and immediate growth.

It is the design of our invention to slice away and separate this corner vegetation from the ground to be turned over by the plow, so that, when turned, there will be no line of vegetation to grow for some time, at least, as shown by the line .fr in Fig. 2 in the section.

A reference to Fig. 2 will make clear the operation of our angular cutting-point e of the eolter.

As it separates the corner marked t', in advance of the plow, from the land to be plowed, the corner still adheres by the interwoven roots to the unplowed side. This projecting corner, as the plow moves along, is partially cnt or rubbed off by the standard D of the plow, and what may be left is turned under at the next plowing.

Ve had contemplated special arrangements 'for cutting the left corner clean away by the standard or some cutting attachment, and

`xing a guard (not shown) in front of the standard, so as to lift and force back the angular strip 1I out of the standards way, and so bury it intact in the next furrow; but have concluded that, inasmuch as the denuded strip does not impede or impair the proper action of the plow, and that, however detached, it must fall into the deepest part of the furrow, it matters not, practically, which mode is adopted.

The length of the cutting-blade c is to be have had under consideration the propriety of mainly determined by the rankness of the crop to be plowed under; but for general sod We usually make it from three to four inches long, and the angle of depression in the ground is governed by the extent of root-separation that may be deemed necessary. We usually give a good forward slope to the cutting-edge, as shown, so that the cutter may act wedge-like; and in saying that the colter-bar must be fast ened to the right or furrow side of the beam we only mean that for a straight colter-bar it is most convenient, as it brings the bent cutting part ein about the right position for action; but it will be readily seen that by properly bending the bar to coliform, it may be fastened in the middle of the beam or in its usual place at the left.

Our improved colter costs but little more than the common straight one, and the use oi' it enables the thorough farmer to dispense with the use of his jointer, which is very diicult of proper adjustment and cumbers the plow.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows: l

We claim, in combination with a plow, the colter C, having its cutting end c bent to land at a suitable angle and arranged relatively with the plow, substantially in the manner and for the purpose set forth.

JOHN RUNYON. GEORGE INGERSOLL.

Witnesses:

G. S. WRIGHT, (uns. P. BROWN. 

